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J. C. STOCKS. ME'IHOD or muumcwmms PACKING muss. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 19. I911.

1,315,798. PatentedSept. 9, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

. B {0 X' gwuenioz J. C. STOCKS 1'- cu IIHHOD of MANUFACTURING PACKKNG RmGS. APPHCATIOII FILED SEPI- HII I9"- 1,315,798. PatentedSbpt. 9,' 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET J- C. STOCKS pit /1 JAMES C. STOCKS, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

METHOD OF MAN UFAOTUBIN G PACKING-RINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

Application filed September 19, 1917. Serial No. 192,148.

To a-ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES C. S'rooKs a citizen of the United States, residing at ritlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Manufacturing Packing-Rings, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an improved method of manufacturing packing rings, and has for its primary object to devise a method for the manufacture of metallic, one-piece, packing rings such as are used upon engine pistons.

It is another object of my invention to provide a method of making packing rings, which consists of simple and easily performed operations, whereby a metal packing ring having a maximum of durability and operating eflicieney is produced.

With the above and other objects in view, the present invention consists in the improved method to be hereinafter more fully set forth and particularly pointed out in the appended claim.

For a full and clear understanding of the several operations, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a sectional view through an engine cylinder showing a piston therein equipped with packing rings made by means of my improved method;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view through the cylinder;

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the annular cast metal ring from which the packing ring is formed;

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the first operation in the making of the ring;

Fig. 5 is an elevation showing the second operation;

Fig. 6 is a similar view illustrating the final cutting operation;

Fig. 7 is a detail fragmentary elevation showing the free end ortions of the split ring lapped over the intermediate portion of the ring to tension said end portions;

Fig. 7 is a similar view shown the normal relative arrangement of the en portions of the ring with respect to the medial portion thereof when the ring is completed;

Fig. 8 is an elevation of the completed ring with the contacting parts thereof separated from each other;

Fig. 9 is a similar view of a slightly different form of the packing ring;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the ring shpiwn in Fig. 8, in its normal condition; an

Fig. 11 is a similar view of the ring shown in Fig. 9.

I11 carrying out my improved method, the annular cast metal ring shown in Fig. 3 is first spirally cut on its opposite circumferential edges, as clearly shown in Fig. 4, to provide the shoulders 5 which are in longitudinal alinement with each other. The ring is next circumferentially cut at a point centrally between its opposite edges, as indicated at 6 in Fig. 5. This cut or split does not extend entirely around the ring but terminates at its ends in spaced relation to the shoulders 5 at opposite sides thereof. Thus, a solid connecting or bridge portion 7 remains which, it will be observed, is of somewhat less width than the maximum width of the ring blank owing to the cutting of the edges of the ring, whereby the shoulders 5 are produced.

The final cutting operation consists in cutting through the ring obliquely from the shoulders 5 to the ends of the slot 6, as indicated by the dotted lines designated 9 in Fig. Thus, an obliquely disposed portion 7 of the connection 7 between the spaced portions 8 of the ring is produced, and the end edges of the freed terminal portions 8 are also obliquely disposed, as at 10, in parallel relation to the medial oblique portion 7 of the ring.

The next step in making the ring is to invert the spiral as illustrated in Fig. 7 and pull the spiral a art as far as ossible which will fix the tenslon, so that w on the spiral is returned or reinverted, the same will have a tendency to spring closely together.

When the packing rin constructed in the manner above stated, is orced over the piston into the ring groove thereof, it will be understood that the free end portions of the ring are expanded outwardly in the usual manner. When the piston is inserted into the cylinder of the engine indicated at C in Fig. 1, the end portions of the ackin ring are compressed or forced inwar ly an the gap between the inclined end edges 10 and the medial portion 7 of the ring will be almost entirely closed. Thus, a very tight packing is obtained, the expansible end portions of the ring always remaining in close frictional engagement with the opposed edges of the ring body. After the packing rin has been formed in the manner above described, the rin is finished by milling or grinding the sur aces thereof.

In Figs. 9 and 11 of the drawings, I have illustrated a slightly different form of the ring, wherein the slot 6 is spirally cut in the blank 5 so that the free expansible end por tions of the ring gradually taper to their extremities. Either construction is effective and reliable in practical use. It is, however, to be understood that the packing ring can be made by means of my improved method, in various other shapes, and the relative proportions of the ring parts can likewise be varied as desired. The method consists of very few simple operations which may be expeditiously performed so that the manufacture of the ring will involve comparatively little expense.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is:

The method of making metallic packing rings which consists in circumferentially cutting substantially entirely therearound an annular cast iron blank to provide separated portions integrally connected at a single point, then cutting the ring to separate said portions at the opposite ends from the integral connection therebetvveen to produce a spiral having its extremities closely adjacent each other, and then inverting the spiral to tension the same and reinverting the spiral whereby the same will lie in close abutting contact.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JAMES C. STOCKS.

Witnesses TYLER EAsoN, H. U. SHrvEns.

copies 0! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

